2 Jung M, Holmqvist A, Sun XF, Albertsson M. A clinical study of metastasized rectal cancer treatment: assessing a multimodal approach. Med Oncol. 2014;31:839.
4 Chong G, Cunningham D. Improving long-term outcomes for patients with liver metastases from colorectal cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2005;23:9063-6.
6 Seymour MT, Maughan TS, Ledermann JA, Topham C, James R, Gwyther SJ, et al. Different strategies of sequential and combination chemotherapy for patients with poor prognosis advanced colorectal cancer (MRC FOCUS): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2007;370:143-52.
7 Hughes KS, Simon R, Songhorabodi S, Adson MA, Ilstrup DM, Fortner JG, et al. Resectie van de lever voor colorectaalcarcinoommetastasen: een multi-institutioneel onderzoek naar recidiefpatronen. Chirurgie. 1986;100:278-84.
8 Steele G, Ravikumar TS. Resection of hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer. Biologisch perspectief. Ann Surg. 1989;210:127-38.
10 Hebbar M, Pruvot FR, Romano O, Triboulet JP, de Gramont A. Integratie van neoadjuvante en adjuvante chemotherapie bij patiënten met resectabele levermetastasen van colorectale kanker. Cancer Treat Rev. 2009;35:668-75.
11 Yang AD, Brouquet A, Vauthey JN. Extending limits of resection for metastatic colorectal cancer: risk benefit ratio. J Surg Oncol. 2010;102:996-1001.
12 Adam R. Het ontwikkelen van strategieën voor levermetastasen van colorectale kanker. Semin Oncol. 2007;34(Suppl. 1):S7-11.
14 Engstrom PF, Arnoletti JP, Benson AB, Chen YJ, Choti MA, Cooper HS, et al. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN richtlijnen voor klinische praktijk in de oncologie: rectumkanker. J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 2009;7:838-81.
15 Adam R, De Gramont A, Figueras J, Guthrie A, Kokudo N, Kunstlinger F, et al. The oncosurgery approach to managing liver metastases from colorectal cancer: a multidisciplinary international consensus. Oncologist. 2012;17:1225-39.
16 Reddy SK, Pawlik TM, Zorzi D, Gleisner AL, Ribero D, Assumpcao L, et al. Gelijktijdige resecties van colorectale kanker en synchrone levermetastasen: een multi-institutionele analyse. Ann Surg Oncol. 2007;14:3481-91.
17 Birbeck KF, Macklin CP, Tiffin NJ, Parsons W, Dixon MF, Mapstone NP, et al. Rates of circumferential resection margin involvement vary between surgeons and predict outcomes in rectal cancer surgery. Ann Surg. 2002;235:449-57.
18 Nagtegaal ID, Quirke P. What is the role for the circumferential margin in the modern treatment of rectal cancer? J Clin Oncol. 2008;26:303-12.
19 Porter GA, Urquhart RL, Rheaume D, Cwajna S, Cox MA, Grunfeld E. Clinical information available to oncologists in chirurgically treated rectal cancer: room to improve. Curr Oncol. 2013;20:166-72.
21 Lykoudis PM, O’Reilly D, Nastos K, Fusai G. Systematic review of surgical management of synchronous colorectal liver metastases. Br J Surg. 2014;101:605-12.
23 Bird T, Michael M, Bressel M, Chu J, Chander S, Cooray P, et al. FOLFOX and intensified split-course chemoradiation as initial treatment for rectal cancer with synchronous metastases. Acta Oncol. 2017;56:646-52.
24 Chiappa A, Bertani E, Makuuchi M, Zbar AP, Contino G, Viale G, et al. Neoadjuvante chemotherapie gevolgd door hepatectomie voor primair resectabele colorectale kanker levermetastasen. Hepatogastroenterology. 2009;56:829-34.
25 Shindoh J, Tzeng CW, Aloia TA, Curley SA, Zimmitti G, Wei SH, et al. Portal vein embolization improves rate of resection of extensive colorectal liver metastases without worsening survival. Br J Surg. 2013;100:1777-83.
27 Azoulay D, Castaing D, Krissat J, Smail A, Hargreaves GM, Lemoine A, et al. Percutane poortader embolisatie verhoogt de haalbaarheid en veiligheid van grote leverresectie voor hepatocellulair carcinoom in gewonde lever. Ann Surg. 2000;232:665-72.
28 Mentha G, Majno P, Terraz S, Rubbia-Brandt L, Gervaz P, Andres A, et al. Treatment strategies for the management of advanced colorectal liver metastases detected synchronously with the primary tumor. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2007;33(Suppl. 2):S76-83.
29 Yoo PS, Lopez-Soler RI, Longo WE, Cha CH. Liver resection for metastatic colorectal cancer in the age of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and bevacizumab. Clin Colorectal Cancer. 2006;6:202-7.
30 Elias D, De Baere T, Smayra T, Ouellet JF, Roche A, Lasser P. Percutaneous radiofrequency thermoablation as an alternative to surgery for treatment of liver tumor recurrence after hepatectomy. Br J Surg. 2002;89:752-6.
32 Lam VW, Laurence JM, Johnston E, Hollands MJ, Pleass HC, Richardson AJ. A systematic review of two-stage hepatectomy in patients with initially unresectable colorectal liver metastases. HPB (Oxford). 2013;15:483-91.
33 Popescu I, Alexandrescu ST. Chirurgische opties voor initieel onresectabele colorectale levermetastasen. HPB Surg. 2012;20:454026.
34 van Lienden KP, van den Esschert JW, de Graaf W, Bipat S, Lameris JS, van Gulik TM, et al. Portaalveneuze embolisatie vóór leverresectie: een systematische review. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 2013;36:25-34.
35 Gérard JP, Conroy T, Bonnetain F, Bouché O, Chapet O, Closon-Dejardin MT, et al. Preoperatieve radiotherapie met of zonder gelijktijdige fluorouracil en leucovorin bij T3-4 rectumkankers: resultaten van FFCD 9203. J Clin Oncol. 2006;24:4620-5.
38 Stangl R, Altendorf-Hofmann A, Charnley RM, Scheele J. Factors influencing the natural history of colorectal liver metastases. Lancet. 1994;343:1405-10.
39 Simmonds PC, Primrose JN, Colquitt JL, Garden OJ, Poston GJ, Rees M. Surgical resection of hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer: a systematic review of published studies. Br J Cancer. 2006;94:982-99.
40 Adam R, Avisar E, Ariche A, Giachetti S, Azoulay D, Castaing D, et al. Five-year survival following hepatic resection after neoadjuvant therapy for nonresectable colorectal. Ann Surg Oncol. 2001;8:347-53.
41 Adam R, Delvart V, Pascal G, Valeanu A, Castaing D, Azoulay D, et al. Rescue surgery for unresectable colorectal liver metastases downstaged by chemotherapy: a model to predict long-term survival. Ann Surg. 2004;240:644-57.
45 Slesser AA, Bhangu A, Brown G, Mudan S, Tekkis PP. The management of rectal cancer with synchronous liver metastases: a modern surgical dilemma. Tech Coloproctol. 2013;17:1-12.
46 Khan AZ, Morris-Stiff G, Makuuchi M. Patterns of chemotherapy-induced hepatic injury and their implications for patients undergoing liver resection for colorectal liver metastases. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg. 2009;16:137-44.
47 Folprecht G, Grothey A, Alberts S, Raab HR, Köhne CH. Neoadjuvant treatment of unresectable colorectal liver metastases: correlation between tumor response and resection rates. Ann Oncol. 2005;16:1311-9.
48 Stillwell AP, Buettner PG, Siu SK, Stitz RW, Stevenson AR, Ho YH. Predictors of postoperative mortality, morbidity, and long-term survival after palliative resection in patients with colorectal cancer. Dis Colon Rectum. 2011;54:535-44.
51 Stelzner S, Hellmich G, Jackisch T, Ludwig K, Witzigmann H. Selective surgical treatment of patients with rectal carcinoma and unresectable synchronous metastases based on response to preoperative chemotherapy. J Gastrointest Surg. 2008;12:1246-50.
52 Stillwell AP, Buettner PG, Ho YH. Meta-analysis of survival of patients with stage IV colorectal cancer managed with surgical resection versus chemotherapy alone. World J Surg. 2010;34:797-807.
56 Ayez N, Burger JW, van der Pool AE, Eggermont AM, Grunhagen DJ, de Wilt JH, et al. Long-term results of the “liver first” approach in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer and synchronous liver metastases. Dis Colon Rectum. 2013;56:281-7.
57 Al Bandar MH, Kim NK. Huidige status en toekomstperspectieven voor de behandeling van levermetastasen bij colorectale kanker (Review). Oncol Rep. 2017;37:2553-64.
58 Mattar RE, Al-Alem F, Simoneau E, Hassanain M. Preoperative selection of patients with colorectal cancer liver metastasis for hepatic resection. World J Gastroenterol. 2016;22:567-81.
60 Pawlik TM, Abdalla EK, Ellis LM, Vauthey JN, Curley SA. Debunking dogma: chirurgie voor vier of meer colorectale levermetastasen is gerechtvaardigd. J Gastrointest Surg. 2006;10:240-8.
61 Altendorf-Hofmann A, Scheele J. A critical review of the major indicators of prognosis after resection of hepatic metastases from colorectal carcinoma. Surg Oncol Clin N Am. 2003;12:165-92.
62 Viganò L, Capussotti L, De Rosa G, De Saussure WO, Mentha G, Rubbia-Brandt L. Leverresectie voor colorectale metastasen na chemotherapie: impact van chemotherapie-gerelateerde leverletsels, pathologische tumorrespons, en micrometastasen op lange termijn overleving. Ann Surg. 2013;258:731-40.
63 Nordlinger B, Sorbye H, Glimelius B, Poston GJ, Schlag PM, Rougier P, et al. Perioperatieve chemotherapie met FOLFOX4 en chirurgie versus chirurgie alleen voor resectabele levermetastasen van colorectale kanker (EORTC Intergroup trial 40983): een gerandomiseerde gecontroleerde trial. Lancet. 2008;371:1007-16.
64 Cunningham D, Humblet Y, Siena S, Khayat D, Bleiberg H, Santoro A, et al. Cetuximab monotherapie en cetuximab plus irinotecan bij irinotecan-refractaire metastatische colorectale kanker. N Engl J Med. 2004;351:337-45.
65 Wagman LD. Importance of response to neoadjuvant therapy in patients with liver-limited mCRC when the intent is resection and/or ablation. Clin Colorectal Cancer. 2013;12:223-32.
67 Mentha G, Roth AD, Terraz S, Giostra E, Gervaz P, Andres A, et al. “Liver first” benadering bij de behandeling van colorectale kanker met synchrone levermetastasen. Dig Surg. 2008;25:430-5.
68 van der Pool AE, de Wilt JH, Lalmahomed ZS, Eggermont AM, Ijzermans JN, Verhoef C. Optimizing the outcome of surgery in patients with rectal cancer and synchronous liver metastases. Br J Surg. 2010;97:383-90.
69 Hao CY, Ji JF. Chirurgische behandeling van levermetastasen van colorectale kanker: Strategies and controversies in 2006. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2006;32:473-83.
70 Benoist S. Aanbevelingen voor de klinische praktijk. Therapeutische keuzes bij rectumkanker. Hoe moeten rectumkankers met synchrone uitzaaiingen worden behandeld? Gastroenterol Clin Biol. 2007;31:1s75-80s.
71 de Haas RJ, Adam R, Wicherts DA, Azoulay D, Bismuth H, Vibert E, et al. Comparison of simultaneous or delayed liver surgery for limited synchronous colorectal metastases. Br J Surg. 2010;97:1279-89.
72 Brouquet A, Mortenson MM, Vauthey JN, Rodriguez-Bigas MA, Overman MJ, Chang GJ, et al. Chirurgische strategieën voor synchrone colorectale levermetastasen bij 156 opeenvolgende patiënten: klassieke, gecombineerde of omgekeerde strategie? J Am Coll Surg. 2010;210:934-41.
73 Yoshidome H, Kimura F, Shimizu H, Ohtsuka M, Kato A, Yoshitomi H, et al. Intervalperiode tumorprogressie: detecteert vertraagde hepatectomie occulte metastasen bij synchrone colorectale levermetastasen? J Gastrointest Surg. 2008;12:1391-8.
74 Jatzko G, Wette V, Müller M, Lisborg P, Klimpfinger M, Denk H. Simultaneous resection of colorectal carcinoma and synchronous liver metastases in a district hospital. Int J Colorectal Dis. 1991;6:111-4.
76 Hatwell C, Bretagnol F, Farges O, Belghiti J, Panis Y. Laparoscopische resectie van colorectale kanker vergemakkelijkt gelijktijdige chirurgie van synchrone levermetastasen. Colorectal Dis. 2013;15:e21-8.
77 Wei M, He Y, Wang J, Chen N, Zhou Z, Wang Z. Laparoscopische versus open hepatectomie met of zonder synchrone colectomie voor colorectale levermetastasen: een meta-analyse. PLoS ONE. 2014;9:e87461.
78 Roxburgh CS, Richards CH, Moug SJ, Foulis AK, McMillan DC, Horgan PG. Determinants of short- and long-term outcome in patients undergoing simultaneous resection of colorectal cancer and synchronous colorectal liver metastases. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2012;27:363-9.
79 Capussotti L, Vigano’ L, Ferrero A, Lo Tesoriere R, Ribero D, Polastri R. Timing of resection of liver metastases synchronous to colorectal tumor: proposal of prognosis-based decisional model. Ann Surg Oncol. 2007;14:1143-50.
81 Hosseinali Khani M, Pahlman L, Smedh K. Treatment strategies for patients with stage IV rectal cancer: a report from the Swedish Rectal Cancer Registry. Eur J Cancer. 2012;48:1616-23.